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SUERF Policy Notes and SUERF Policy Briefs

SUERF Policy Notes & Briefs offer accessible and concise, high-quality, authoritative and informed analysis on topical issues related to European money and finance. They make research by SUERF Member institutions and academic researchers available to the SUERF network and beyond. SUERF Policy Notes & Briefs are published weekly on the SUERF webpage. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the institution(s) the author(s) is/are affiliated with.

To submit your findings to the SUERF Policy Note and Brief series please contact suerf@oenb.at.

All SUERF Policy Notes & Briefs  are available in PDF format.

Stay always up to date and subscribe to the monthly SUERF Policy Notes & Briefs Newsletter!


Date publishedSUERFIssueTitleAuthor(s)
Nov 2023Policy BriefNo 749Monetary policy transmission below zero: In search of the reversal rateZuzana Fungáčová, Eeva Kerola, Olli-Matti Laine
Nov 2023Policy BriefNo 742Foreign economic policy uncertainty shocks and real activity in the Euro areaFilippo Arigoni, Črt Lenarčič
Nov 2023Policy NoteNo 326Shrinking the Eurosystem’s footprint without offshoring the euroRobert N McCauley
Oct 2023Policy BriefNo 702A two-tier system of minimum reserve requirements by De Grauwe and Ji (2023): A closer lookClaudia Kwapil
Sep 2023Policy NoteNo 320Leaving the eurozone but staying in the EU. Can it be done? And is it wise?Wim Boonstra
Aug 2023Policy BriefNo 665The Economics of Public Policy Leaks: New Evidence from Central BankingMichael Ehrmann, Phillipp Gnan, Kilian Rieder
Aug 2023Policy BriefNo 661Forecasting banknote circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic using structural time series modelsNikolaus Bartzsch, Marco Brandi, Lucas Devigne, Raymond de Pastor, Gianluca Maddaloni, Diana Posada Restrepo, Gabriele Sene
Aug 2023Policy BriefNo 660Central clearing in turbulent times: frontiers in regulation and oversightFabio Panetta
Aug 2023Policy NoteNo 317The European Commission Proposals for Reform of the Stability and Growth Pact: On the right track but not there yetJakob de Haan, Fabian Amtenbrink
Jul 2023Policy BriefNo 643Consumer Savings Behaviour at Low and Negative Interest RatesMarco Felici, Geoff Kenny, Roberta Friz
Jul 2023Policy BriefNo 640Solving the enforcement dilemma of the EU fiscal rulesPaul Dermine, Martin Larch
Jul 2023Policy NoteNo 315Privatization Effects on Central and Eastern European Enterprises: An Empirical Framework from a Bibliometric AnalysisMargerita Topalli, Silvester Ivanaj
Jul 2023Policy BriefNo 633Gauging the macroeconomic effects of higher carbon pricesGünter Coenen, Matija Lozej, Romanos Priftis
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 613A common tool for a greener future: The case for an EU Climate and Energy Security FundLaurent Abraham, Marguerite O’Connell, Iñigo Arruga Oleaga
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 612Digital Euro: An assessment of the first two progress reportsDirk Niepelt
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 611Sovereign exposures of European banks - revisitedHeike Mai
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 603Alexandre Lamfalussy and the origins of instability in capitalist economiesIvo Maes
May 2023Policy BriefNo 591What to expect after “effortless” debt reduction in the euro area?Matthias Reith
May 2023Policy BriefNo 588The digital euro: a precautionary device, not a deus-ex-machinaIgnazio Angeloni
Apr 2023Policy BriefNo 571Has the euro changeover really caused extra inflation in Croatia?Matteo Falagiarda, Christine Gartner, Ivan Mužić, Andreja Pufnik
Apr 2023Policy BriefNo 564The Stability and Growth Pact three decades laterJuhana Hukkinen, Matti Viren
Mar 2023Policy BriefNo 543How shocks to Chinese supply chains affect US and euro area manufacturingMakram Khalil, Marc-Daniel Weber
Feb 2023Policy NoteNo 301Consistent economic policies: a prerequisite for macroeconomic stabilityPablo Hernández de Cos
Feb 2023Policy BriefNo 524Highly Dispersed inflation rates challenge the ECB’s monetary policy strategyThomas Url
Feb 2023Policy BriefNo 520Measuring the Optimum Currency Area properties of the euro area over its 20 years’ historyDavor Kunovac, Diego Rodriguez Palenzuela, Yiqiao Sun
Feb 2023Policy BriefNo 518ECB Significant-Bank Risk Profile and COVID-19 Crisis Containment Phase: What Approach in the Transitioning Phase?Bozena Gulija, Costanza Russo, Dalvinder Singh
Feb 2023Policy NoteNo 299Convergence in GDP per capita in the euro area and the EU at the time of COVID-19Mirko Licchetta, Giovanni Mattozz
Feb 2023Policy NoteNo 297Risk reduction vs risk sharing: A sticking point in the ongoing review of the EU fiscal framework?Martin Larch, Matthias Busse, Mateja Gabrijelcic, Laszlo Jankovics, Janis Malzubris
Jan 2023Policy BriefNo 511Eurozone Government Bond Spreads: A Tale of Different ECB Policy RegimesSylvester C W Eijffinger, Mary Pieterse-Bloem
Jan 2023Policy BriefNo 510Bank and non-bank balance sheet responses to monetary policy shocksFédéric Holm-Hadulla, Falk Mazelis, Sebastian Rast
Jan 2023Policy BriefNo 509EU fiscal rules 2.0, more carrot than stick plus greenwashing?Matthias Reith, Gunter Deuber
Dec 2022Policy BriefNo 494Introducing Green Bank Equity to fund the low-carbon transitionAaron Janowski
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 469The safe asset potential of EU-issued bondsTilman Bletzinger, William Greif, Bernd Schwaab
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 467A tale of three crises: synergies between ECB tasksKarin Hobelsberger, Christoffer Kok, Francesco Paolo Mongelli
Nov 2022Policy NoteNo 292The complex task of reforming the EU’s electricity market - Intervention options proposed by the European CommissionCristian Stet, Pablo Ruiz, Susan Hansen
Oct 2022Policy NoteNo 291Monetary policy and inflation: recent developmentsIgnazio Visco
Sep 2022Policy NoteNo 290Seven Trends That Will Shape European Power Purchase Agreements’ Path To GrowthCristian Stet
Sep 2022Policy BriefNo 413The EU gas savings plan ahead of a long winterMarco Protopapa
Aug 2022Policy NoteNo 285From SEPA to the digital euro: payments past, present and futureJohannes Asel, Simone Mingione, Petia Niederlaender, Georg Nitsche
Jul 2022Policy BriefNo 371How household savings in CESEE are related to the past and the futureMelanie Koch, Thomas Scheiber
Jul 2022Policy BriefNo 370Too little too late: ECB’s normalisation path was model- rather than data-drivenDaniel Gros, Farzaneh Shamsfakhr
Jun 2022Policy NoteNo 281CBDC and Bank Intermediation in the Euro AreaRamón Adalid, Álvaro Álvarez-Blázquez, Katrin Assenmacher, et al.
Jun 2022Policy BriefNo 347Sectoral exchange rate pass-through in the euro areaChiara Osbat, Yiqiao Sun, Martin Wagner
Jun 2022Policy BriefNo 341Economic adjustment in the euro area and the United States during the COVID-19 crisisMirko Licchetta, Giovanni Mattozzi, Rafal Raciborski, Rupert Willis
Jun 2022Policy NoteNo 280Should the ECB consider issuing its own securities?Wim Boonstra, Bas van Geffen
May 2022Policy BriefNo 335Macroeconomic Implications and Differences of Oil and Gas Price ShocksThomas Zörner, Nico Petz
May 2022Policy NoteNo 276More than an intellectual game: Exploring the monetary policy and financial stability implications of central bank digital currenciesFabio Panetta
Mar 2022Policy NoteNo 272Financing Faster Growth For Europe’s SMEsSylvain Broyer, Sarah Limbach, Cihan Duran
Mar 2022Policy BriefNo 301Is the ECB applying lessons from the past?Anselm Küsters
Mar 2022Policy BriefNo 292The role of systemic risk spillovers in the transmission of Euro Area monetary policyAlexandros Skouralis
Mar 2022Policy NoteNo 268Crisis-tested Europe – Solidarity with Ukraine spurs European identityHeinz Handler
Mar 2022Policy NoteNo 267Towards a single operational indicator in the SGP – A look at the properties of the current expenditure benchmarkNicholai Benalal, Maximilian Freier, Wim Melyn, Stefan Van Parys, Lukas Reiss
Feb 2022Policy BriefNo 278The Political Phillips Curve in the Euro Area: Parliamentary Voice on ECB Monetary PolicyFederico M. Ferrara, Donato Masciandaro, Manuela Moschella, Davide Romelli
Feb 2022Policy BriefNo 272Global models for a global pandemic: the impact of COVID-19 on small euro area economiesPablo Garcia, Pascal Jacquinot, Črt Lenarčič, Matija Lozej, Kostas Mavromatis
Jan 2022Policy BriefNo 265Has the Impact of the ECB’s Asset Purchases Diminished Over Time?Andrejs Zlobins
Jan 2022Policy BriefNo 255Climate actions and macro-financial stability: The role of central banksFrancesca Diluiso, Barbara Annicchiarico, Matthias Kalkuhl, Jan. C. Minx
Nov 2021Policy BriefNo 235Does one (unconventional) size fit all? Effects of the ECB’s unconventional monetary policies on the euro area economiesMaria Sole Pagliari
Nov 2021Policy BriefNo 234Optimism is bad for fiscal outcomesMartin Larch, Janis Malzubris, Matthias Busse
Oct 2021Policy BriefNo 209The one trillion euro CBDC: Issuing a digital euro without disrupting the bank lending channelPaolo Fegatelli
Oct 2021Policy BriefNo 201Basel III implementation in the European UnionPablo Hernández de Cos
Oct 2021Policy BriefNo 194The impact of COVID-19 on analysts’ sentiment about the banking sectorAlicia Aguilar, Diego Torres
Oct 2021Policy BriefNo 193The effect of Eurosystem asset purchase programmes on euro area sovereign bond yields during the COVID-19 pandemicGeorge Hondroyiannis, Dimitrios Papaoikonomou
Sep 2021Policy NoteNo 252Forging the Future of Monetary Union – taking stock and looking forwardMarkus Rodlauer, Rolf Strauch
Aug 2021Policy BriefNo 150Digital euro has potential in the NetherlandsMichiel Bijlsma, Carin van der Cruijsen, Nicole Jonker and Jelmer Reijerink
Aug 2021Policy BriefNo 146Digital payments and European sovereigntyBurkhard Balz
Aug 2021Policy NoteNo 250Roads for the future: Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) and Innovative PaymentsFrançois Villeroy de Galhau
Jul 2021Policy BriefNo 136What does “below, but close to, two per cent” mean? Assessing the ECB’s reaction function with real time dataMaritta Paloviita, Markus Haavio, Pirkka Jalasjoki, Juha Kilponen
Jul 2021Policy BriefNo 132Euro area portfolio flows in 2020: the impact of the Covid-19 crisisJulia Schmidt, Olivier Sirello
Jul 2021Policy BriefNo 128Effects of a European Unemployment Benefit Scheme on consumption risk sharing and production efficiencyZeno Enders, David Vespermann
Jul 2021Policy BriefNo 126Intergenerational macroeconomicsGabriel Makhlouf
Jun 2021Policy BriefNo 116The euro area sovereign debt markets in the crisis: role and impact on financial stability perspectivesDenis Beau
Jun 2021Policy BriefNo 105Monetary policy space and monetary policy strategies for the euro areaMarkus Haavio, Olli-Matti Laine
May 2021Policy BriefNo 95A digital euro to meet the expectations of EuropeansFabio Panetta
May 2021Policy BriefNo 94Climate risks and collateral: a methodological experimentPierre-François Weber, Bünyamin Erkan, Antoine Oustry, Romain Svartzman
May 2021Policy NoteNo 239How to prevent a too restrictive fiscal policy in Europe?Wim Boonstra
May 2021Policy BriefNo 88Strengthening the international role of the euroGergely Hudecz, Gong Cheng, Edmund Moshammer, Alexander Raabe
May 2021Policy NoteNo 236Europe’s growth gap: reconciling Keynes and SchumpeterFrançois Villeroy de Galhau
May 2021Policy BriefNo 86The Bewildering Effects of COVID-19 and Other Recessions on Forecast Accuracy MeasurementsBoriss Siliverstovs
May 2021Policy NoteNo 234Building-back-better after the Covid-19 crisis in Europe: The twin transition and divergenceMarco Buti, István P. Székely
Apr 2021Policy BriefNo 75Europe: the shock of Covid-19 and the fear of accelerated zombificationHélène Baudchon, Louis Boisset, Guillaume Derrien, Kenza Charef
Apr 2021Policy BriefNo 68Banking union - achievements and challengesLuis de Guindos
Apr 2021Policy BriefNo 65EMU deepening and sovereign debt spreads: using political space to achieve policy spaceIván Kataryniuk, Víctor Mora-Bajén, Javier J. Pérez
Mar 2021Policy BriefNo 53Who has purchased euro area debt since the start of the health crisis?Olivier Sirello
Feb 2021Policy BriefNo 48Crisis management for medium-sized banks: the case for a European approachAndrea Enria
Nov 2020Policy BriefNo 36A stronger voice for Europe in global developmentWerner Hoyer
Nov 2020Policy BriefNo 35Keynes and Schumpeter are what the European economy needs right nowSylvain Broyer
Oct 2020Policy NoteNo 201Central banks’ response to the “tragedy on the horizon”François Villeroy de Galhau
Oct 2020Policy NoteNo 200Finding the Right “Hall of Mirrors”: The Mixed Blessings of Lessons from the Past for Shaping a Post-COVID FutureRobert Holzmann
Sep 2020Policy BriefNo 27To each crisis its analogy, to each analogy its critical reflectionRobert Holzmann
Sep 2020Policy BriefNo 26Global value chains and the challenge of Covid-19Antoine Berthou, Juan Carluccio, Guillaume Gaulier
Sep 2020Policy NoteNo 192A rule-based monetary strategy for the European Central Bank: a call for monetary stabilityJuan E. Castañeda
Aug 2020Policy NoteNo 190Finland and monetary policy through three crisesTuomas Välimäki and Meri Obstbaum
Aug 2020Policy NoteNo 189Financial integration in the Nordic-Baltic region vis-à-vis the EU: A Swedish perspectiveDavid Farelius, Stefan Ingves, Magnus Jonsson
Aug 2020Policy BriefNo 24The big debt surgeRalph Solveen
Aug 2020Policy NoteNo 186European Recovery Fund: Sceptics Q&AReza Moghadam, Jacob Nell, Joao Almeida, Bruna Skarica, Markus Guetschow
Jul 2020Policy NoteNo 185The Macroeconomic Impact of NPLs in Euro Area CountriesIvan Huljak, Reiner Martin, Diego Moccero, Cosimo Pancaro
Jul 2020Policy NoteNo 182Europe’s answer to Libra – potential and prerequisites of a programmable euroAndreas Krautscheid, Tobias Tenner, Siegfried Utzig
Jul 2020Policy BriefNo 19Banking between two crisesKarel Lannoo
Jun 2020Policy NoteNo 178Covalization: Europe on the Rack Between Globalization and Covid - A Historian’s Perspective on the European Union: Europe and GlobalizationHarold James
Jun 2020Policy NoteNo 176Credit Guarantees in the COVID-19 crisis – Relevance and Economic ImpactJulien Brault, Simone Signore
Jun 2020Policy NoteNo 175Towards a wider international role for the euroFrancesco Papadia, Konstantinos Efstathiou
Jun 2020Policy NoteNo 173A first look at fiscal dynamics in the Euro area after COVID-19: the case for a shift in the fiscal governance systemMarco Protopapa
Jun 2020Policy NoteNo 174The international role of the euroMarco Buti
May 2020Policy NoteNo 172Does the EU convergence machine still work and how will the Covid-19 crisis impact it?Patrick Bisciari, Dennis Essers, Evelien Vincent
May 2020Policy NoteNo 168Cross-border consolidation in the European banking sector: between dreams and realityJan Van Hove
May 2020Policy BriefNo 10German Constitutional Court vs ECB: Law, Economics and PoliticsDonato Masciandaro
May 2020Policy NoteNo 166Turning collective savings into private equity investments: The Covid-19 crisis as a catalyst for pan-European efficient resource allocationGeorges Hübner
May 2020Policy NoteNo 163Coronavirus and the world of workMonika Kiss
May 2020Policy BriefNo 7Covid-19 policy response and the role of the EIBDebora Revoltella
May 2020Policy BriefNo 5An EU Recovery Fund: How to square the circle?Kajus Hagelstam, Alice Zoppè, Cristina Sofia Dias
May 2020Policy NoteNo 161Shh, don’t say it! ECB Helicopter Money: Economics and PoliticsDonato Masciandaro
Apr 2020Policy NoteNo 160Interlinking Europe’s recovery plan and the next EU budgetKevin Körner and Barbara Böttcher
Apr 2020Policy NoteNo 157The search for the right European Financing Instruments in the Corona Pandemic - ESM Liquidity Assistance versus Corona BondsFriedrich Heinemann
Apr 2020Policy NoteNo 155The range of different opinions and moods in Germany on collective ‘corona bonds’Ingobert Waltenberger
Apr 2020Policy NoteNo 150How deep will it fall? Comparing the euro area recessions of 2020 and 2009Andreas Breitenfellner, Paul Ramskogler
Apr 2020Policy NoteNo 148Reflections on the health and financial crisisJacques de Larosière
Apr 2020Policy NoteNo 147Does It Fit? Tweeting on Monetary Policy and Central Bank CommunicationDonato Masciandaro, Davide Romelli, Gaia Rubera
Mar 2020Policy NoteNo 144Euro Area Economics: Putting the OOH into HICPJacob Nell, Bruna Skarica, Joao Almeida, Markus Guetschow
Feb 2020Policy NoteNo 135Cost-Efficiency and Productivity of euro area banksIvan Huljak, Reiner Martin, Diego Moccero
Feb 2020Policy NoteNo 132The European Banking UnionMargarita Delgado
Feb 2020Policy NoteNo 130European Banking Consolidation: Can a view to the past inform current policy efforts?Peter Hahn
Jan 2020Policy NoteNo 121The quest for policy scope: Implications for monetary policy strategiesKlaas Knot
Nov 2019Policy NoteNo 113Ten years after Lehman, is the financial system safer?Denis Beau
Oct 2019Policy NoteNo 107Tackling non-performing loans in EuropePeter Grasmann, Markus Aspegren, Nicolas Willems
Sep 2019Policy NoteNo 99The euro’s global role: past, present and futureArnaud Mehl
Sep 2019Policy NoteNo 98Making the most of the EMU: Challenges and opportunities for structural reformsLuiz de Mello
Sep 2019Policy NoteNo 96Reconciling risk sharing with market discipline: A constructive approach to euro area reformIsabel Schnabel
Sep 2019Policy NoteNo 93European Economic and Monetary Union: from the Past into the FutureJean-Claude Trichet
Jun 2019Policy NoteNo 77Thoughts for a third EU Referendum: Revoke Article 50 OR Leave with “a” dealGraham Bishop
Jun 2019Policy NoteNo 76Chinese foreign investment: a dangerous obsession or a new normal? Get ready for the latter!Peter Havlik
May 2019Policy NoteNo 72Analysing the Economics of BREXIT and World TradeDavid T. Llewellyn
Mar 2019Policy NoteNo 62Market power: a complex realityPeter Praet
Feb 2019Policy NoteNo 55Europe needs reforms for inclusive growth. Do Europeans agree?Pier Carlo Padoan
Oct 2018Policy NoteNo 44A Financial Union for the Euro AreaPoul M. Thomsen
Jun 2018Policy NoteNo 36Temporary Eurobill Fund (TEF): 30 FAQsGraham Bishop
May 2018Policy NoteNo 35Strengthening the euro area Architecture: A proposal for Purple bondsLorenzo Bini Smaghi, Michala Marcussen
May 2018Policy NoteNo 34Modern financial repression in the euro area crisis: making high public debt sustainable?Ad van Riet
Apr 2018Policy NoteNo 30In the euro area, discipline is of the essence, but risk-sharing is no less importantDaniel Daianu
Jan 2018Policy NoteNo 25The New Silk Road: Implications for EuropeStephan Barisitz, Alice Radzyner
Dec 2017Policy NoteNo 22Deepening the Economic and Monetary Union: the EU priorities by 2025 and beyondMarco Buti
Nov 2017Policy NoteNo 21Risk sharing in EMU: key insights from a literature reviewDemosthenes Ioannou, David Schäfer
Mar 2017Policy NoteNo 11Completing the architecture of the EuroLorenzo Bini Smaghi
May 2016Policy NoteNo 7Ten Myths in the Brexit DebateDavid T. Llewellyn

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