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SUERF Policy Notes and SUERF Policy Briefs

SUERF Policy Notes & Briefs offer accessible and concise, high-quality, authoritative and informed analysis on topical issues related to European money and finance. They make research by SUERF Member institutions and academic researchers available to the SUERF network and beyond. SUERF Policy Notes & Briefs are published weekly on the SUERF webpage. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the institution(s) the author(s) is/are affiliated with.

To submit your findings to the SUERF Policy Note and Brief series please contact suerf@oenb.at.

All SUERF Policy Notes & Briefs  are available in PDF format.

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Date publishedSUERFIssueTitleAuthor(s)
Sep 2023Policy NoteNo 321Technological change and the destabilisation of bank deposits: Assessment and policy implications Ulrich Bindseil, Richard Senner
Sep 2023Policy BriefNo 687Fear The Walking Dead? Zombie Firms in the Euro Area and Their Effect on Healthy Firms’ Credit ConditionsLea Katharina Havemeiste, Kristian Horn
Sep 2023Policy BriefNo 684Fear (no more) of Floating: How emerging market central banks avoided a currency meltdown during the pandemic despite purchasing local-currency assetsYasin Mimir, Enes Sunel
Sep 2023Policy BriefNo 682How asymmetries of information can amplify house price shocks to the supply of mortgage credit?Salomón García
Aug 2023Policy NoteNo 318The Quest for Deposit StabilityFernando Restoy
Aug 2023Policy NoteNo 316Peeling the onion: US bank stress not spreading to Euro areaRavi Balakrishnan, Marco Protopapa
Aug 2023Policy BriefNo 649Do non-banks need access to the lender-of-last-resort? Evidence from fund runsJohannes Breckenfelder, Marie Hoerova
Jul 2023Policy BriefNo 636A proposal for the European Green Transition via Significant Risk Transfer SecuritisationsFernando Gonzalez, Giuliano Giovannetti
Jul 2023Policy BriefNo 626Macroprudential policy in the high inflation environment: Sailing uncharted watersCarsten Detken, Ján Klacso, Reiner Martin
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 623Are firms credit constrained? Answers from a Swedish credit registryNiklas Amberg, Tor Jacobson, Vincenzo Quadrini, Anna Rogantini Picco
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 620Insights into Credit Loss Rates: A Global DatabaseLi Lian Ong, Christian Schmieder, Min Wei
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 617On the effectiveness of dividend restrictions as supervisory policy toolErnest Dautović, Leonardo Gambacorta, Alessio Reghezza
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 610Climate change risks and the energy and emission allowances market – An analysis based on EMIR dataMerel Vrolijk, Ellen van der Woerd, Elisabeth de Vogel
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 609The effects of negative interest rates on bank market power: implications for euro area banks’ lending channel and stabilityYener Altunbas, Giuseppe Avignone, Christoffer Kok, Cosimo Pancaro
Jun 2023Policy BriefNo 605BigTech Credit and Monetary Policy TransmissionYiping Huang, Xiang Li, Han Qiu, Changhua Yu
Jun 2023Policy NoteNo 312Empowering central bank money for a digital futureMartin Diehl, Constantin Drott
May 2023Policy BriefNo 597Boosting the Green Transition: Greenhouse gas emissions and bank lendingKoji Takahashi, Junnosuke Shino
May 2023Policy BriefNo 596Reforming the Monetary System for the Digital AgeBurkhard Drees, Sunil Sharma
May 2023Policy BriefNo 586The Big Problem of Small SyndicatesMingze Gao, Iftekhar Hasan, Buhui Qiu, Eliza Wu
May 2023Policy BriefNo 585Does IFRS 9 increase banks’ resilience?Arndt Kund, Daniel Rugilo
Apr 2023Policy NoteNo 309The Digital Euro (CBDC) as a Monetary Anchor of the Financial SystemPeter Bofinger, Thomas Haas
Apr 2023Policy BriefNo 562Loose Monetary Policy and Financial InstabilityMaximilian Grimm, Òscar Jordà, Moritz Schularick, Alan M. Taylor
Mar 2023Policy NoteNo 306Why there is no need to stray from the original ideas behind the Bank Recovery and Resolution DirectiveJesper Berg, Steffen Ulrik Lind
Mar 2023Policy BriefNo 557A friend in need is a friend indeed? Nonbanks and lending relationships during crisesIñaki Aldasoro, Sebastian Doerr, Haonan Zhou
Mar 2023Policy BriefNo 555Technology and Asset Liquidations: Evidence from Real Estate CollateralFrancesco Mazzola
Mar 2023Policy BriefNo 549CCPs United: the hidden dangers of shared clearing membershipLuitgard A. M. Veraart, Iñaki Aldasoro
Mar 2023Policy BriefNo 546Bank lending to small firms: metamorphosis of a financing modelPaolo Finaldi Russo, Valentina Nigro, Sabrina Pastorelli
Mar 2023Policy BriefNo 545Is the ECB Monetary Tightening Effective? The Role of Bank Funding and Asset StructureMatjaž Volk
Feb 2023Policy BriefNo 527Central Bank digital currencies in Africa: catching upEnrique Alberola, Ilaria Mattei
Feb 2023Policy BriefNo 516A scientific illusion in risk management?José María Roldán
Jan 2023Policy BriefNo 513Gender diversity in bank boardrooms helps to combat climate changeLeonardo Gambacorta, Livia Pancotto, Alessio Reghezza, Martina Spaggiari
Jan 2023Policy BriefNo 502Latent Fragility: Conditioning Banks’ Joint Probability of Default on the Financial CyclePaul Bochmann, Paul Hiebert, Yves Schüler, Miguel Segoviano
Dec 2022Policy NoteNo 293The EU macroprudential review should prioritize removing regulatory overlaps and increasing the flexibility of the CCyBStefan W. Schmitz, Michaela Posch, Peter Strobl
Dec 2022Policy BriefNo 493Financial exposure and bank mergers - Micro and macro evidence from the EULaura Lebastard
Dec 2022Policy BriefNo 484Monetary and macroprudential policy effectiveness and spilloversLuc Laeven, Angela Maddaloni, Caterina Mendicino
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 474Cost efficiency in the euro area banking sector and the negative interest rate environmentGiuseppe Avignone, Claudia Girardone, Cosimo Pancaro, Livia Pancotto, Alessio Reghezza
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 473The Impact of Natural Disasters on Banks’ Impairment Flow – Evidence from GermanyIliriana Shala, Benno Schumacher
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 467A tale of three crises: synergies between ECB tasksKarin Hobelsberger, Christoffer Kok, Francesco Paolo Mongelli
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 464Less Bank Failures Before Presidential Elections in Russia Zuzana Fungáčová, Alexei Karas, Laura Solanko, Laurent Weill
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 461Dual interest rates and the transmission of monetary policyFrancesca Barbiero, Lorenzo Burlon, Maria Dimou, Jan Toczynski
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 460Demystifying wholesale central bank digital currencyFabio Panetta
Nov 2022Policy BriefNo 457The Certification Role of the EU-Wide Stress Testing Exercises in the Stock Market. What Can We Learn from the Stress Tests (2014-2021)?Agha Durrani, Steven Ongena, Aurea Ponte Marques
Oct 2022Policy BriefNo 456Digital players vs. traditional banks: Fierce competition, higher concentration or a trend towards platformization?Laurent Clerc, Timothée Dufour, Pierre Harguindeguy, Stefano Ungaro
Oct 2022Policy BriefNo 454Augmented credit-to-GDP gap as a more reliable indicator for macroprudential policy decision-makingTihana Škrinjarić
Oct 2022Policy BriefNo 450Are Liability Driven Investors (LDIs) a liability for policymakers?Giacomo Carboni, Martin Ellison
Oct 2022Policy BriefNo 444How do central bank lending operations interact with equity offering announcements?Massimo Giuliodori, Jan Kakes, Dimitris Mokas
Oct 2022Policy BriefNo 441The digital revolution in banking: The old, the new and the uglyJosé María Roldán
Oct 2022Policy BriefNo 435Using household-level data to guide borrower-based macro-prudential policyGastón Andrés Giordana, Michael Heinrich Ziegelmeyer
Sep 2022Policy BriefNo 430Central bank capitalPaul Wessels, Dirk Broeders
Sep 2022Policy BriefNo 424Information Transmission between Banks and the Market for Corporate ControlChristian Bittner, Falko Fecht, Melissa Pala, Farzad Saidi
Sep 2022Policy BriefNo 409A model of system-wide stress simulation: market-based finance and the COVID-19 event Giovanni di Iasio, Giulio Nicoletti, Nicholas Vause
Aug 2022Policy NoteNo 286The optimal quantity of CBDC in the euro areaLorenzo Burlon, Carlos Montes-Galdón, Manuel A. Muñoz, Frank Smets
Jul 2022Policy BriefNo 387Climate Change-Related Regulatory Risks and Bank LendingIsabella Mueller, Eleonora Sfrappini
Jun 2022Policy NoteNo 281CBDC and Bank Intermediation in the Euro AreaRamón Adalid, Álvaro Álvarez-Blázquez, Katrin Assenmacher, et al.
Jun 2022Policy BriefNo 344Elections Hinder Firms’ Access to CreditFlorian Léon, Laurent Weill
May 2022Policy BriefNo 334The local presence of global banksIñaki Aldasoro, John Caparusso, Yingyuan Chen
May 2022Policy NoteNo 277What business model for the Digital Euro? Lessons from Brazil and SwitzerlandPeter Bofinger, Thomas Haas
Apr 2022Policy BriefNo 315Who owns banks? The household-bank nexus and its implications for bank stock pricesMatías Lamas, David Martinez-Miera
Mar 2022Policy NoteNo 272Financing Faster Growth For Europe’s SMEsSylvain Broyer, Sarah Limbach, Cihan Duran
Feb 2022Policy NoteNo 264High earners in the European banking sectorEmma-Faye Dertnig, Jakob Hanzl, Mario Hübler, Christoph Prenner
Jan 2022Policy BriefNo 260Credit Constrained Firms and Government Subsidies: Evidence from a European Union ProgramTirupam Goel, Péter Lang, Eszter Balogh, Ádám Banai, Martin Stancsics, Előd Takáts, Álmos Telegdy
Dec 2021Policy NoteNo 261Mortgage and real estate markets: Current developments pose risks to financial stabilityFritz Zurbrügg
Dec 2021Policy NoteNo 260Identifying lessons from the current crisis for the prudential framework of the banking system Pablo Hernández de Cos
Dec 2021Policy BriefNo 247Bridge over troubled water? The effectiveness of macroprudential policy during the Covid-19 pandemic in PortugalKatja Neugebauer, Vítor Oliveira, Ângelo Ramos
Nov 2021Policy BriefNo 213The role of prudential policy in addressing climate changeFernando Restoy
Oct 2021Policy BriefNo 209The one trillion euro CBDC: Issuing a digital euro without disrupting the bank lending channelPaolo Fegatelli
Oct 2021Policy BriefNo 194The impact of COVID-19 on analysts’ sentiment about the banking sectorAlicia Aguilar, Diego Torres
Oct 2021Policy NoteNo 257Systemic Implications of the Bail-in Design: A Precis of our Main TextJ. Doyne Farmer, Charles Goodhart, Alissa M. Kleinnijenhuis
Sep 2021Policy NoteNo 256Ultra low interest rates from the perspective of a central bankerLars Rohde
Sep 2021Policy NoteNo 252Forging the Future of Monetary Union – taking stock and looking forwardMarkus Rodlauer, Rolf Strauch
Aug 2021Policy BriefNo 167Limits of stress-test based bank regulationTirupam Goel, Isha Agarwal
Aug 2021Policy BriefNo 161Banks’ complexity-risk nexus and the role of regulationNatalya Martynova, Ursula Vogel
Aug 2021Policy BriefNo 158Bank pricing of corporate loansMárcio Mateus, Tiago Pinheiro
Aug 2021Policy BriefNo 147Proportionality in banking regulation: who, what and how?Raihan Zamil
Aug 2021Policy NoteNo 250Roads for the future: Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) and Innovative PaymentsFrançois Villeroy de Galhau
Jul 2021Policy BriefNo 134Future Challenges: Old Problems in New ShapesJosé María Roldán
Jul 2021Policy NoteNo 248The Future of BitcoinWim Boonstra
Jun 2021Policy BriefNo 102Assessing the impact of Basel III: Evidence from macroeconomic modelsOlivier de Bandt, Bora Durdu, Hibiki Ichiue, Yasin Mimir, Jolan Mohimont, Kalin Nikolov, Sigrid Röhrs, Jean-Guillaume Sahuc, Valerio Scalone, Michael Straughan
May 2021Policy NoteNo 241Digital Disruption: The Inevitable Rise of CBDCChetan Ahya, Derrick Kam, Julian Richers
May 2021Policy BriefNo 97Stress-Testing Net Trading Income: The Case of European BanksCarla Giglio, Frances Shaw, Nicolas Syrichas and Giuseppe Cappelletti
Apr 2021Policy BriefNo 82The banking supervisors dilemma: wearing many hats on one headSasin Kirakul, Jeffery Yong, Raihan Zamil
Apr 2021Policy BriefNo 78Not all debt is bank debt: Nonbank borrowing in Central, Eastern and Southeastern EuropeKatharina Allinger, Elisabeth Beckmann
Apr 2021Policy NoteNo 231The challenges to the banking sector a year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemicPablo Hernández de Cos
Apr 2021Policy BriefNo 62The way forward for EU-wide stress testsPedro Duarte Neves
Mar 2021Policy NoteNo 228CBDC: Where is the unique selling proposition?Peter Bofinger,Thomas Haas
Mar 2021Policy NoteNo 226Greening the UK financial system – a fit for purpose approachYannis Dafermos, Daniela Gabor, Maria Nikolaidi, Frank van Lerven
Feb 2021Policy NoteNo 225Sharing Economy in the Financial Industry: A Platform Approach towards Sharing in Regulatory Reporting using the Shapley ValueAaron Janowski, Moritz Plenk, Mirko Haselwander
Feb 2021Policy NoteNo 223Bank stress tests: their philosophy and their use by prudential authorities during the Covid-19 crisisValère Fourel, Julien Idier, Valerio Scalone, Aurore Schilte
Feb 2021Policy BriefNo 47Banking Across Borders: Are Chinese Banks Different?Eugenio Cerutti, Catherine Koch, Swapan-Kumar Pradhan
Feb 2021Policy BriefNo 45The crisis management framework for banks in the EU: how Can we deal with small and medium-sized banks?Ignazio Visco
Feb 2021Policy NoteNo 222A pragmatic solution for the liquidity in resolution problemMatthias Gruber, Stefan W. Schmitz
Jan 2021Policy NoteNo 219Buffer usability and potential stigma effectsStefan W. Schmitz, Viola Nellessen, Michaela Posch, Peter Strobl
Jan 2021Policy NoteNo 217The post-COVID-19 recovery: what challenges and roadmap for the banking industry?Jordi Gual
Dec 2020Policy NoteNo 215Consequences for banks’ business from COVID-19 and policy responsesFrancesco Mazzaferro
Dec 2020Policy NoteNo 212Monetary policy effects when interest rates are negativeJoost Bats, Massimo Giuliodori, Aerdt Houben
Nov 2020Policy NoteNo 207Surge in corporate insolvencies hitting German banksJan Schildbach
Oct 2020Policy NoteNo 200Finding the Right “Hall of Mirrors”: The Mixed Blessings of Lessons from the Past for Shaping a Post-COVID FutureRobert Holzmann
Sep 2020Policy NoteNo 194Home- and host-country prudential regulation and spillovers in dollar creditStefan Avdjiev, Bryan Hardy, Patrick McGuire, Goetz von Peter
Jul 2020Policy NoteNo 185The Macroeconomic Impact of NPLs in Euro Area CountriesIvan Huljak, Reiner Martin, Diego Moccero, Cosimo Pancaro
Jul 2020Policy BriefNo 21How effective are bank levies in reducing leverage given the debt bias of corporate income taxation?Franziska Bremus, Kirsten Schmidt, Lena Tonzer
Jul 2020Policy NoteNo 183Retail Central Bank Digital Currencies: means of payment vs store of valueSantiago Fernández de Lis, Pablo Urbiola
Jul 2020Policy NoteNo 182Europe’s answer to Libra – potential and prerequisites of a programmable euroAndreas Krautscheid, Tobias Tenner, Siegfried Utzig
May 2020Policy NoteNo 171US dollar funding markets during the Covid-19 crisis – the international dimensionEgemen Eren, Andreas Schrimpf, Vladyslav Sushko
May 2020Policy NoteNo 169Making banking integration work for better risk sharing in the eurozone: the role of cross-border banking consolidationMathias Hoffmann
May 2020Policy NoteNo 168Cross-border consolidation in the European banking sector: between dreams and realityJan Van Hove
Apr 2020Policy NoteNo 152European banks in the corona crisisJan Schildbach
Apr 2020Policy NoteNo 146The European Deposit Insurance Scheme: Economic Rationale, Issues and Policy SolutionsEttore Panetti
Mar 2020Policy NoteNo 139Capital Regulations and the Management of Credit Commitments during Crisis TimesPaul Pelzl, María Teresa Valderrama
Mar 2020Policy NoteNo 136Mortgage Lending and Macroprudential Policy in the UK and USAlan Brener
Feb 2020Policy NoteNo 135Cost-Efficiency and Productivity of euro area banksIvan Huljak, Reiner Martin, Diego Moccero
Feb 2020Policy NoteNo 134Regulating fintech: what is going on, and where are the challenges?Fernando Restoy
Feb 2020Policy NoteNo 130European Banking Consolidation: Can a view to the past inform current policy efforts?Peter Hahn
Feb 2020Policy NoteNo 129How Could Central Bank Digital Currencies Be Designed?Itai Agur, Anil Ari, Giovanni Dell’Ariccia
Jan 2020Policy NoteNo 126Bank resolution, the need to recognize reality in order to prepare for the next crisisJesper Berg, Henrik Bjerre-Nielsen
Dec 2019Policy NoteNo 118Deposit facility rate, bank reserves, and portfolio reallocation incentivesManuel Buchholz, Kirsten Schmidt, Lena Tonzer
Nov 2019Policy NoteNo 116Following “Libra” German banks say: The economy needs a programmable digital euroAndreas Krautscheid, Tobias Tenner, Siegfried Utzig
Oct 2019Policy NoteNo 107Tackling non-performing loans in EuropePeter Grasmann, Markus Aspegren, Nicolas Willems
Oct 2019Policy NoteNo 106Banks’ behavioral reactions to Basel III: mostly as intendedStefan W. Schmitz
Sep 2019Policy NoteNo 102How to improve crisis management in the banking union: a European FDIC?Fernando Restoy
Jul 2019Policy NoteNo 87Loan portfolio diversification in the euro area, capital requirements, and the European Banking UnionEsa Jokivuolle, Matti Virén
Jul 2019Policy NoteNo 82Rethinking Capital Regulation: The Case for a Dividend Prudential Target in the Euro AreaManuel Muñoz
Apr 2019Policy NoteNo 65A New HorizonMark Carney
Dec 2018Policy NoteNo 49Bank business models: time to actRudi Vander Vennet
Aug 2018Policy NoteNo 4021st century cash: Central banking, technological innovation and digital currenciesFabio Panetta
Feb 2018Policy NoteNo 26Comparability of Basel risk weights in the EU banking sectorZsofia Döme, Stefan Kerbl
Oct 2017Policy NoteNo 19Is cash back? Assessing the recent increase in cash demandClemens Jobst, Helmut Stix
Jul 2017Policy NoteNo 14Banks or platforms: The digital futurePatricia Jackson
Apr 2016Policy NoteNo 5Some seeming paradoxes or interesting points of Russia’s economy and banking sectorStephan Barisitz
Oct 2015Policy NoteNo 2Modigliani–Miller, Basel 3 and CRD 4Morten Balling

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